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Early Detection of Skin Cancer

Being familiar with your skin is key to the early detection of skin cancer. If you notice changes in the pattern of your freckles, blemishes, moles, or other marks on your skin, it is important to keep an eye on them. Dermatologists recommend performing a self-examination at least once a month to spot these abnormalities. Certain areas of the skin are difficult to see. In this case, someone should ask for assistance or even use a handheld mirror. New or changing spots should be checked out by professionals to ensure that they are not dangerous. Certain symptoms may be a sign of skin cancer.

Skin cancer cells reveal themselves in a variety of ways. Basal Cell Carcinoma develops because of sun damage. Oftentimes, these tumors will go unnoticed because they grow at a slow rate and rarely spread to other areas of the body. It is the most common type of skin cancer and should be treated as soon as possible. Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer and is known for spreading to nearby lymph nodes and internal organs. Therefore, this cancer can be very dangerous and potentially fatal. There are early signs for both forms of cancer.

Basal Cell Carcinoma

  • This cancer typically presents itself in areas of the body that have been exposed to the sun. These areas include the head, neck, and face. That is not to say that Basal Cell doesn’t occur elsewhere in the body.
  • Basal Cell Carcinoma often looks like a firm, flat, pale, or yellow growth on the skin. They may also be reddish, pink, translucent, blue, brown, black, or even pearly in color.
  • Growths with an abnormal blood vessel pattern may also be a sign of cancer.
  • This cancer is known to be fragile. For instance, the affected skin area may bleed or exist as an open sore on the skin. If you notice a growth on your skin that is resistant to healing, oozes, or is crusted over, it is important to get it checked out right away.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Much like Basal Cell, Squamous Cell Carcinoma develops in sun-exposed areas of the body. Other places to be observant of are your ears, lips, and the back of your hands. Rarely will this cancer develop in the genital area, but it is important to inspect this area as well.
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma often appears as red patches that are rough or scaly in texture. They may look like raised lumps or wart-like growths.
  • Like Basal Cell Carcinoma, this type of cancer could emerge as an open sore that won’t heal.

Risk Factors of Cancer:

There are risk factors that increase the likelihood of getting cancer. Excessive sun exposure and smoking are the greatest factors contributing to the risk of skin cancer that can be minimized or avoided. However, there are also risk factors that cannot be changed. For example, a family history of skin cancer increases the individual’s risk. Knowing your family history can be helpful so you can take extra precautions to lower your risk or detect cancer early on.

Factors that are associated with increased risk of skin cancer are:

  • UV sun exposure
  • Fair or light-colored skin
  • Gender (men are more likely)
  • Age (being older)
  • Exposure to chemicals
  • Personal history of cancer
  • A weakened immune system
  • Recent exposure to radiation
  • Certain syndromes or diseases (Basal Cell Carcinoma syndrome and HPV)
  • Severe skin injury or inflammation
  • Smoking

Although there is no way to prevent skin cancer altogether, there are ways to lower your risk. It is essential to protect your skin from harmful sun rays. You can do this by seeking shaded areas, wearing proper clothing and sunscreen, and avoiding tanning beds. You should avoid harmful chemicals, such as arsenic, which are known to increase the risk of skin cancer. This chemical can be found in pesticides, medicines, and well water. Certain occupations have an increased risk of arsenic exposure as well.

As many people know, smoking has been linked to cancer and should be avoided. Taking care of your body and doing things to strengthen your immune system plays a significant role in helping your body to fight the development of cancer cells. One should take extra precautions when engaging in sexual intercourse to protect themselves from HIV, AIDs, and other infections that weaken the immune system. Not only is the risk of getting cancer greater for those with a compromised immune system, but treatment is often less affective in these cases.

It is important to perform skin self-examinations often to detect changes early on. This is vital in order to minimize treatment and improve the overall outcome. In addition to self-checks, you should have your skin checked by a professional every 3-6 months, depending upon your risk factor and history. This is especially important for those who are at a higher risk of skin cancer.

If you notice moles, bumps, or pigmented spots on your skin grow, change, or bleed, it is essential to have them checked out by a dermatologist as soon as possible. Whether you have a concern, or it is time for a check-up, Dr. Gurgen can evaluate your case and provide you with the best treatment method. He is an experienced dermatologist, who specializes in Mohs Surgery, which is a proven, effective treatment for both Basal and Squamous Cell cancers. Contact our office for an appointment today.

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Skin Conditions and Symptoms

Changes and abnormalities in the skin can be alarming to the average person. Oftentimes, our first instinct is to run to the internet for answers. Skin disorders vary in severity as well as their symptoms. Some disorders are quite painful while others don’t cause any discomfort. It is important to keep an eye on skin-related problems because while some are minor, others can be dangerous.

Cold Sores

Cold sores are very common and usually go away within a week or two. They often appear on the face around the nose or mouth. These blisters can be painful and are caused by the herpes simplex virus. Individuals who first contract the virus may not show any symptoms. If symptoms are present, the area will likely have a burning sensation. The outbreak may accompany body aches, low-grade fevers, and swollen lymph nodes. This disorder can be spread through close contact with another person’s face or genitals.

Hives

Hives appear because of your body’s defense mechanism. Oftentimes, when someone is experiencing hives, they are having an allergic reaction. However, it can also be triggered by stress or illnesses. Hives generally look like red raised welts on the skin and feel warm, mildly painful, and itchy. Your rash pattern may appear randomly shaped, whereas some are round and ring-shaped.

Rosacea

Individuals who suffer from rosacea experience a variety of symptoms depending on the subtype. Dry skin, skin sensitivity, facial redness, flushing, and raised puss-filled bumps are common symptoms of this disorder. Symptoms last anywhere from weeks to months at a time. However, rosacea is known for its cycles of fading and relapsing. Individuals will experience flare-ups, which are linked to certain triggers. An intestinal bacteria known as Helicobacter Pylori may be a major contributing factor. Additionally, other potentially provoking factors are alcohol, stress, sunlight, and spicy foods. Occasionally, rosacea can be mistaken for acne or other skin conditions, but if left untreated can get worse over time.

Eczema

Eczema is also known as dermatitis. There are a variety of different types of eczema including contact, seborrheic, nummular, stasis, and atopic. All the different forms tend to cause intense itching which can range from mild to severe. Some eczema types will cause a rash, whereas others may cause scaly patches, oozing or crusting skin, or discoloration. Individuals who suffer from eczema have often reported hair loss in the affected areas as well. Arms and behind the knees are common places for this disorder to appear, but it can occur anywhere on the skin.

Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a skin condition caused by the buildup of skin cells. It commonly involves silvery sharply defined patches that are scaly in texture. Psoriasis can also make the skin dry, flake, or peel. It commonly appears on areas of the lower back, knees, scalp, and elbows, but can be located elsewhere. Sometimes, this condition can be asymptomatic. However, patients suffering from psoriasis may have inflamed tendons, joint stiffness, dents in their nails, and intense itching. Although there is no found cure for psoriasis, treatment is important to improve symptoms and lower the risk of developing other health conditions.

Cellulitis

Cellulitis is considered a medical emergency and an individual with related symptoms should seek professional help. It is caused by bacteria entering the skin and causing infection. Things like an infected insect bite or cut have caused cellulitis to form. Symptoms include swollen, red skin that is warm or tender to the touch. If you notice red streaking surrounding your rash or are experiencing a fever or chills, immediate medical attention is necessary. A common area for cellulitis to occur is on the lower legs. However, it has been known to appear on the arms and face as well.

It is important for individuals to keep an eye on their skin for any changes or abnormalities. Performing regular skin care checks on yourself is recommended. However, annual visits to a professional at a dermatology office is another essential step in ensuring your skin and body stay healthy. Oftentimes, skin conditions reveal deeper issues related to your health that should not be ignored.

If it is time for your annual appointment or you have any skin-related concerns, contact our office. Dr. Gurgen is an award-winning dermatologist in the Villages Florida. He offers specialized care and treatments to his patients in The Villages and Leesburg, Florida.

 

 

Why Do I Have So Much Scar Tissue?

Overgrowth of scar tissue can be alarming, but is usually nothing to worry about. We call this type of scarring  a keloid. A keloid is typically just a cosmetic concern; they aren’t contagious or cancerous. Generally, these scars do not be to be treated unless they are causing discomfort or interfering with movement. However, these scars can majorly impact an individual’s self-esteem.

Abnormalities of the skin can be alarming. It is important to perform skin checks on yourself, as well as schedule professional visits to dermatology offices. If an individual notices changes in their skin, they may result in researching the Internet. As we know, the internet can cause someone to self-diagnose and potentially create unnecessary worry.

There are certain irregularities of the skin to watch out for. Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma start as changes to your skin and can become growths or precancerous lesions. Other blemishes aren’t usually dangerous to a person’s health. Since it is often difficult to know the difference, we recommend you see a dermatologist at least once a year.

How does a keloid develop?

Keloids develop because of injury to your skin cells. To repair itself, the skin forms a scar. A keloid forms when the scar tissue continues to form after the wound has healed. Collagen, a wound healing protein, is overproduced during this process. Therefore, there is an excess of scar tissue, resulting in a raised thick scar. Disfunctions in the wound healing process of acne spots, insect bites, burns, hair removal, piercings, and minor scratches can cause the formation of a keloid.

What does a keloid look like?

After an injury occurs, it may take up to months or even years for the development of a keloid. Some signs point to the presence of a keloid. They can appear as skin-colored, pink, red, or brown and are enlarged and raised. Keloids are often found on areas of the earlobes, chest, cheeks, and shoulders. Like most scars, keloids are not hairy, but rather shiny. Depending on the extent of the injury, keloids vary in size and texture. They can be soft and firm or rubbery.

When should I visit a dermatologist?

As stated previously, keloids are noncancerous and typically pose no health risks. Most of the time, patients seek to remove the scars for cosmetic purposes. The location of the keloid can influence an individual’s decision to have it removed. Other reasons for removal are when the keloid is causing complications. They can be itchy or cause discomfort. If a keloid is located on a joint, the developed, hard tissue can sometimes restrict movement.

How can I prevent keloids?

There are risk factors involved with the development of keloids. Unfortunately, they are more prevalent with darker skin tones. Additionally, genetics plays a fairly significant role. You are more likely to develop keloid scars if your family has had a history of them. Also, after having a keloid, you are at a greater risk of having more keloids.  Another risk factor surrounding the development of keloids is age. Between the ages of 20 and 30, a person has a greater risk of developing a keloid than at other ages.

Putting these risk factors aside, there are steps you can take to help prevent keloids. It is always a good idea to practice good hygiene and take care of your skin. This is especially true when you are suffering from an injury or wound. In this case, be sure to keep the area moist and clean. You should use soap and water to gently wash the affected area. Applying ointment regularly is beneficial and helps supports healing. Another obvious tip to avoid keloids is to try to avoid injury altogether. Although this may seem like a giveaway, some forms of protection are not so obvious. If you are prone to keloids, you may want to avoid elective surgeries, tattoos, and piercings. You should inform your doctor of previous keloid development if you decide to undergo surgery. It is also a good idea to treat your acne to avoid scarring.

What can I do to treat keloids?

There are effective treatment methods for scars and keloids. Dr. Gurgen provides patients with a safe way to deal with current issues as well as recommendations for future prevention. If you notice abnormalities in your skin, you should visit a dermatologist. There are many locations on the body that you simply cannot check by yourself. It is particularly critical to have any irregularities examined by a professional out to rule out cancer and other dangerous formations.

If you haven’t had your annual skin check-up or have noticed changes in your skin, contact our office to schedule an appointment. Lady Lake Dermatology and Mohs Surgery in the Villages and Leesburg offers quality and personalized care for our patients!

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Foods That Nourish Your Skin and Keep it Looking Young- Part 2

Believe it or not, what you eat can have a major effect on the aging process. If you are feeding your body with processed meats and sugar, you can add to the inflammation throughout the body. In turn, these foods can lead to the development of wrinkles and aged skin.

Some foods benefit the aging process by reducing inflammation and providing the body with essential nutrients. Collagen, vitamin C, antioxidants, healthy fats, and water are just some of the favored ingredients that we should seek out in our diets.  Below is a list of mineral-dense food that will help keep your skin looking vibrant!

Healthy Fats

  • Extra Virgin Olive Oil—Extra Virgin Olive Oil reduces inflammation as well as any oxidative damage within the body. This is an imbalance between the body’s free radicals and antioxidants. While being rich in healthy fats and antioxidants, olive oil can help lower the risk of several chronic diseases and severe aging. Monosaturated fats have been known to work as strong anti-inflammatories. Olive oil consists primarily of this ingredient, making up about 73% of it.
  • Fatty Fish like Salmon—Fish such as salmon is highly concentrated with omega-3 fats, which help the body resist a variety of issues. Another key ingredient in fatty fish is the carotenoid antioxidant, which can recover the skin’s elasticity and hydration after damage. With being high in protein, eating salmon allows the body to create collagen and elastin. These molecules build up the skin’s strength and enhance its plumpness.
  • Flax Seeds—Flax seeds contain a multitude of antioxidants. A healthy skin membrane is supported by this omega-3-rich food, as well as the lignan antioxidants present in flax seeds.
  • Avocado—Avocados can help aid in free radical damage and support a healthy skin membrane. They are high in monosaturated fats as well as antioxidants. Adding avocado to your diet gives your body several minerals and vitamins necessary for healthy aging.

Healthy Proteins & Collagen Peptides

As we age, we begin to produce less collagen. This protein is essential to keep your skin looking healthy and avoid the gradual signs of aging. Even though our bodies are breaking down collagen faster the older we get, there are ways to replace this rich protein within our bodies. Foods that are high in collagen peptides are key for avoiding wrinkles and sagging skin. By engaging in a protein-rich diet, you can maintain the skin’s firmness, moisture, and elasticity! Suggested foods for this type of nourishment are listed below.

  • Chicken
  • Tofu
  • Fish
  • Egg

Foods Rich in Antioxidants

  • Dark Chocolate—Dark chocolates, with at least 70% cocoa can favor the skin. An antioxidant known as flavanol is what gives dark chocolate its anti-aging benefits.
  • Vegetables High in Carotene like Carrots, Pumpkin, and Sweet Potato—Not only are these vegetables high in nutrients but they are low in calories. They defend against certain diseases, while also protecting the skin against UV rays, which can cause premature aging in the skin.
  • Vegetables High in Vitamin C like Leafy Greens, Bell Peppers, Tomato, and Broccoli—Vegetables high in Vitamin C work as inflammatory- agents. These vegetables assist the body in its production of collagen, contributing to its strength and elasticity.
  • Pomegranates—Pomegranates provide the body with antioxidants and vitamin C, which is another key ingredient in maintaining youthful skin. While reducing inflammation, reducing free radical damage, and preserving collagen, pomegranates slow the signs of aging.
  • Tomato—Tomatoes are known for their high lycopene content, which acts as an antioxidant in the body and protects against damaging sun rays.
  • Papaya—Papaya is packed with minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants—including vitamin A, C, K, E, and B, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, and potassium. This superfood has a natural ability to leave your skin looking vibrant and youthful. Papain is found in some of the exfoliating products that we get off the shelf. This enzyme works as an anti-inflammatory and can shed dead skin cells.
  • Blueberries—Blueberries are an antioxidant superfood, packed with potassium and vitamin C. Doctors and nutritionists suggest this anti-inflammatory snack to help protect the skin from sun damage. A particular antioxidant known as anthocyanin is a key element in blueberries that defy aging.
  • Spinach—Spinach has essential nutrients such as vitamin A, C, E, and K, as well as lutein, iron, and magnesium. While vitamin C works to enhance our body’s collagen, benefiting the skin, vitamin A supports healthy hair.

As you can see, foods can play an important part in the aging process. It is vital to flood our bodies with natural protein, healthy fats, and antioxidants. These nutrients not only influence our internal health but have shown visible results as well. By taking in the right foods, you could restore your collagen loss, leading to greater elasticity. Fill your plate with a variety of foods deep in color to get that vibrant glow you are looking for!

It is important to note that a nutritious diet is not the only aspect contributing to successful aging. Along with a balanced diet, it is critical to apply sunscreen and wear the appropriate skincare products. Getting your skin checked regularly by a professional is the best way to stay on top of your health—on the inside and out! Contact Lady Lake Dermatology and Mohs Surgery Dermatology & Mohs Surgery for a consultation today.

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Keep Your Skin Looking Younger by Eating the Right Foods – Part 1

Eating specific foods isn’t going to make you look noticeably younger overnight. However, nutrition is one of the key aspects of aging well. What goes on your plate can affect what you see in the mirror down the road. This may sound intense, but your diet has a huge impact on how you feel and look as you get older. It is important to note that the quantity of food also plays an important role in our aging outcome. Healthy overeating can still create stress for the body. The idea is to eat clean, while also consuming reasonable proportions.

Avoid Foods That Accelerate the Aging of Your Skin

The key approach to keeping your body health and your skin youthful starts with eating better. Poor-quality foods can keep our bodies in an “inflammatory state”. Below are foods to limit when assessing the quality of foods that you put into your body.

Fatty Carbs

Foods that are deep-fried contain an excessive amount of oil which adds to inflammation in your body. Not only do these foods affect how you look, but they also greatly impact blood tests. Trans fats can negatively affect your diagnostic results – raising your LDL cholesterol and lowering your HDL. LDL, also known as low-density lipoprotein, is sometimes coined as “bad cholesterol” which raises your risk of heart disease and strokes. HDL (high-density lipoprotein), on the other hand, absorbs cholesterol and carries it back to the liver, minimizing these health risks.

Not only do these foods affect our internal health, but they play a role in the aging process on the outside of the body. Consumption of these types of fats and oils in foods will also result in premature aging and wrinkles. As these types of food impact your cardiovascular system, blood flow to your skin is weakened. In addition, your liver can experience strain as toxins build up and are no longer broken down properly. As a result, your skin will experience negative results as well including loss of collagen, loss of elasticity, acne, excess wrinkles, redness, dehydration, and puffiness.

Favorite fatty carbs include

  • Potato Chips
  • Many crackers and such in the snack isle
  • French Fries
  • Onion Rings
  • Anything breaded and deep fried

To avoid foods high in fatty carbs, check the food labels on items such as crackers and baked goods. It is beneficial to avoid “partially hydrogenated oils” and “vegetable shortening” labeled ingredients. At home, substitute healthy oils like coconut, avocado, and olive oil. When you are out avoid deep fried entrees and look for broiled or grilled alternatives.

Processed Foods

Processed foods often contain high levels of saturated fats, which can also negatively impact your body’s cholesterol. Again, this can really affect the health of your skin due to a reduction in blood flow. Meats that are “processed” contain  nitrates and saturated fats, which contribute greatly to inflammation. Processed meats can also contain harmful chemicals, even known carcinogens which are linked to cancer. Excess inflammation in the body is directly related to pre-mature aging and excess wrinkling of the skin.

The harmful chemical compounds present in are not present in fresh meat. It is a good idea to purchase meats that are on the “leaner” side. Great lean options include meats like turkey breast, chicken breast, and tenderloins. When cooking with ground beef, selecting items that are at least 95% lean is advised and grass fed meat is best. Here are the processed meats that are best to stay away from.

  • Bacon – I know. On occasion, you can get “Uncured Bacon” which is cured with salt and celery instead of nitrates.
  • Hot Dogs
  • Pepperoni
  • Deli Meat – Some deli meats like Boar’s Head have fewer chemicals and nitrates
  • Sausage – Consider making your own from fresh meat and spices you have in your cupboard. You might even get your butcher to grind the meat for you.
  • Pizza – Especially when loaded with the above meats

Processed foods are often high in processed salts, which will age your body and skin faster. Therefore, consuming processed foods causes your body to retain  water, becoming bloated and actually dehydrated. Processed meats also reduce the production of vitamin C in the body. In turn, your skin is typically drier, much less healthy, and more prone to wrinkles.

White Bread

Many people understand that it is beneficial to our bodies to avoid foods high in carbohydrates, including all bread. When you do choose to eat bread, we recommended a whole grain or whole wheat option over white bread. White bread in particular is worse for your body than you may think. It may not seem much different from the other options, but white bread is higher in additives and is far more processed than the alternatives. A diet that regularly includes white bread can result in high blood pressure, obesity, heart attacks, memory issues, and strokes.

With these health issues and added inflammation to the body, the aging process is considerably accelerated. Your skin’s collagen is compromised by eating foods high in carbohydrates. To keep your skin “springy” and wrinkle-resistant, be sure to avoid high-carb foods such as white bread.

Sugar

Sugar is linked to an increased risk for heart attack and stroke. The effects of added sugar include high blood pressure, diabetes, weight gain, fatty liver disease, and inflammation. Sugar can also be linked aged skin and wrinkling.

When we consume added sugar, we mess with our collagen molecules, causing our skin to lose its elasticity. Sugar can also result in acne, sagging skin around the neck and chin, and initiate dark spot development. Cuts and scars are slower to heal when sugar is present in the body. Below are added sugars that we should avoid in our diets.

  • White Sugar
  • Sugary Cocktails
  • Donuts and Sugary Pastries
  • Soda
  • Cereal

There is, however, a difference between total sugar and added sugar. Total sugar is the sugar that you get from squeezing an orange, whereas added sugar is adding a packet of sugar to that juice. These sugars can add flavor or even extend the “shelf” life of certain foods.

Alcohol

It is said that moderate drinking may offer some health benefits. These potential drinking perks are relatively small and may not apply to every individual. It should be noted that avoiding alcohol altogether may be the best route and therefore no one should begin drinking based on potential health benefits. In the instance that an individual is healthy and already drinks moderately, it is considered acceptable in terms of health.

Moderate drinking means consuming one drink a day for a woman or two drinks a day for a man. One drink includes 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of distilled spirits. There are severe health risks associated with heavy consumption of alcohol.

  • Cancer
  • Heart Damage
  • Stroke
  • Liver Disease
  • High Blood Pressure
  • Pancreatitis
  • Weakened Immune System
  • Alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Any of the above medical conditions takes a toll on the body and will result in accelerated aging. In addition, alcohol is very dehydrating to the skin and body. Overconsumption of it can deprive our skin of the moisture and nutrients it needs to stay youthful. Therefore, alcohol can negatively affect your skin with an increased appearance of wrinkles, dryness, and sagging skin.

The foods you consume have a major effect on your internal health, the overall health of your skin, and your physical appearance. The above list, although tasty, is not recommended if you want to look and feel your best. The good news is there are some really amazing alternative foods that can actually help your skin stay young and healthy looking. We will cover those next… Stay tuned!

In addition to a good diet, you should also protect your skin while in the sun, and get your skin checked regularly. Contact Lady Lake Dermatology & Mohs Surgery Dermatology & Mohs Surgery for a consultation today.

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How Long Does Mohs Surgery Take & What to Expect

There are three major types of skin cancer—basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Skin cancer is typically on the scalp, ears, neck, arms, hands, legs, lips, and face. However, it also has the potential to form in areas that don’t receive sunlight. Mohs surgery is used to treat most types of skin cancer including: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, some kinds of melanoma, and other more unusual skin cancers.

Mohs Surgery is especially useful…

  • for skin cancers which have recurred or naturally have a high risk of recurrence
  • when the skin cancer is located in areas where you want to limit the wounded area and preserve as much healthy tissue as possible – areas on the face, hands, feet, and genitals are most common.
  • when the borders are difficult to identify.
  • for skin cancers that are large or aggressive.

What is Mohs Surgery?

Mohs Surgery is considered the most effective technique for treating these two types of skin cancer today—basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Mohs surgery has the unique benefit of allowing the surgeon to see where the cancer stops. In this case, the surgeon can keep as much healthy skin as possible. They will work to progressively remove the skin layers until only cancer-free tissue remains. Areas of the body that consist of very little skin to begin with, such as the eyelids, ears, or hands especially benefit from this procedure. Patients are less likely to need additional surgeries in the future because of Mohs high cure rate.

Preparing for Mohs Surgery

  • Inform your surgeon about any medications you are currently taking—It is vital to inform your surgeon about any current medications that you are on. Some medications and supplements can act as blood thinners, which can be dangerous during an operation.
  • Clear your schedule—As stated previously, the extent of cancer is often unknown until the procedure is already taking place. Generally, it can be completed within a few hours. However, surgeons advise that patients clear their schedule with the chance that it lasts for the duration of the day.
  • Wear comfortable clothing—It is advantageous to wear comfortable clothing on the day of your operation. Health care rooms are typically set to a lower temperature. Wearing layers allows patients to adjust to the temperature of the room.
  • Bring items to pass time—You can expect to spend some time in the waiting room, as with any other medical procedure. It would be useful to bring a book, magazine or an electronic to pass time.
  • Finding a surgeon— Mohs surgeons have undergone extensive training within the field. Although many dermatologists are licensed to perform the surgery, it is important to know their experience and training within Mohs specifically.

What to Expect:

The surgery is performed in an outpatient basis, within an operating or procedure room. The location will also have a nearby laboratory for the surgeon to examine the layers of tissue in between tissue removal. It is advised for a patient to clear their schedule for the day because most times the extent of cancer is unknown. Unless the location of your tumor requires it, a surgical gown is often not necessary. A local anesthetic will be applied to numb the skin, ensuring that the patient does not experience any discomfort throughout the process.

After the procedure

After Mohs surgery, you and your surgeon will determine how to repair the wound. Depending on the extent of the cancer and your operation, this might include:

  • Allowing the wound heal on its own
  • Close the wound with stitches
  • Taking skin from an adjacent area to cover the wound – referred to as a “skin flap”
  • Grafting skin from another part of the body to cover the wound
  • In extreme cases a referral to a plastic surgeon may be recommended.

Preventing Skin Cancer:

There are ways to protect yourself from the greater likelihood of getting skin cancer.

  • Avoid the strongest sun rays: Excessive sun exposure increases your risk of getting skin cancer, especially if you don’t guard your skin. The hours of 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. pose the greatest risk for sun damage because that is when the sun’s rays are the strongest. Therefore, it would be advantageous to avoid direct sunlight during these times.
  • Wear sunscreen: Wearing sun skin, even on cloudy days is important. It is recommended to wear at least 30 SPF and to reapply as often as 2 hours.
  • Check your skin regularly: It is essential to perform regular skin checks on yourself. Utilizing a mirror when examining your skin can help assess those hard-to-see areas.
  • Visit a professional: In addition to self-checks, an annual visit to a dermatologist is recommended. If you notice any abnormalities or changes in your skin, it is necessary to schedule a visit with a professional as soon as possible.

If you are looking for a specialized Mohs Surgeon, visit our dermatologists in the Villages or Leesburg. Dr. Gurgen worked exclusively as a Mohs Microscopic Surgeon prior to establishing his practice. He is ranked in the top 1% of Mohs Surgeons in the nation. As an award-winning dermatologist and Mohs Surgeon, his goal is to provide his patients with a successful outcome and minimal scarring. You can learn more about Dr. Gurgen and his qualifications here. Contact our office for an appointment today.

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Acne Tips and Prevention

What Causes Acne?

Acne is a skin condition in which hair follicles become clogged. There are a variety of things that cause build-up. Oils and dead skin cells create pimples or zits.

An oil, known as Sebum, typically helps keep the skin from drying out. In healthy cases, this oil empties onto the skin surface through pores. When someone is experiencing breakouts, the sebaceous glands are not able to release this sebum in a healthy way. Keratinocytes are a type of skin cell that rises to the surface of the skin when the body sheds skin cells. When a person is suffering from acne, these shedding skin cells stick together. The dead skin cells and the sebum oil are trapped in the skin. Bacteria forms within the skin and produces inflammation.

People suffering from acne may experience redness, heat, swelling, and even pain, depending on the severity of their condition. Everyone is susceptible to acne – some battle a chronic condition while others experience minor breakouts from time to time. Acne is prevalent amongst teens and young adults. It is more common in teenage males, but it often affects females during earlier stages of life as well. In some cases, it can continue into adulthood. Adult acne is more common among women.

Types of Acne

  • Whiteheads. This occurs when a hair follicle becomes trapped underneath the skin. It appears as a white bump.
  • Blackheads. This condition occurs when follicles reach the surface and open up on the skin. A common misconception is that blackheads get their dark discoloration from being dirty. However, the black appearance is due to the air changing the color of the sebum.
  • Papules. This type of acne is due to inflamed lesions on the skin. Papules can be painful or tender to the touch and they appear as small, pink-colored bumps.
  • Pustules or pimples. When a papule becomes filled with pus, a pimple will form. It is typically red at the base.
  • Nodules. Lesions that form deep within the skin are nodules. Generally, they are painful, solid, and larger than other forms of acne.

Causes of Acne

Acne Prevention and TipsThere are a variety of reasons someone may be suffering from acne. We’ve seen the science behind the skin’s production of excess oil, the buildup of dead skin cells, and bacteria growth, and how it results in acne. But what factors trigger this problem and contribute to this condition?

  • Hormones. Hormones stimulate your skin’s oil glands and play a huge role in acne development. Typically, androgens are thought of as a male hormone. However, females have testosterone as well, just in lower doses. These hormones are what stimulate the glands to produce sebum. Puberty and pregnancy affect hormone levels in the body, often resulting in acne.
  • Genetics. Acne can be hereditary. Researchers and doctors believe that if your parents had acne, you are more likely to get it as well.
  • Medications. Certain medications invoke changes to the body’s hormones, and in turn, create acne.
  • Age. It is no surprise that age affects acne. Many people relate their teen years and puberty to the annoyance of dealing with acne. This is mostly due to changing hormones and often less than ideal diet.
  • Stress. There really is stress acne! Stress typically dries the skin, causing excess oil production. It also alters hormone levels in the body, and when prolonged can change your brain and body chemistry.

Don’t Make Your Acne Worse…

Some factors are not linked to the cause of acne, but certainly affect the severity of it. Researchers are continuing to study the impact that an individual’s diet has on the overall health of their skin. Studies have shown that there are certain foods with negative consequences when it comes to acne. Stress levels and hormone changes go hand in hand. An excessive amount of sudden or prolonged stress can alter the body’s chemistry and hormone levels. Clothing can also make acne worse. Certain items such as sports helmets, tight clothing, and backpacks can worsen its appearance. As one may imagine, irritating the condition can influence the severity of an acne breakout. This includes squeezing, picking, and harsh scrubbing of the skin.

Tips for Preventing or Limiting Acne Breakouts

Although there are instances in which acne is inevitable, there are steps one can take to prevent the likelihood of it. Anyone suffering from acne knows how much of a struggle it can be to have healthy skin. Below are tips one can take to manage their skin’s condition and reduce the occurrence and severity of breakouts:

  • Properly wash your face
  • Educate yourself – know your skin type
  • Moisturize – even if you think your skin is too oily. Water based gel moisturizers are best as they don’t add oil to your skin.
  • Utilize over the counter treatments
  • Hydrate – drink 1/2 your body weight in ounces to stay properly hydrated, more if you participate in vigorous exercise or are exposed to higher temperatures.
  • Limit the makeup you use. Try not to wear it everyday and remove it as soon as you are home for the day.
  • Avoid touching your face
  • Limit sun exposure
  • Avoid irritating the skin – no squeezing or picking at it
  • Tea tree oil is said to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties that calm redness and swelling associated with acne breakouts.
  • Avoid processed foods, dairy, refined sugars, and alcohol
  • Engage in stress-reducing activities – yoga or any type of exercise is a great start.

In the best cases, pimples simply cause annoyance. Worse case, they can cause pain, scarring, anxiety, and even depression. For those who struggle with chronic acne, remaining patient and consistent in skincare is important.

If you notice your acne condition worsening over time even while following many of the suggestions above, it may be time to visit a professional dermatologist. Treatment options are available! Consult a dermatologist for the best advice regarding your situation. Our dermatologists have successfully treated hundreds of patients for acne and other skin ailments. Contact our office for an appointment.

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How to Get Rid of Peeling Skin on the Face

Peeling Skin of the face can result in feelings of insecurity, and in many cases is also incredibly uncomfortable. Skin conditions that commonly cause the face to peel are eczema and psoriasis. Certain external conditions can also cause the body’s skin to peel more than normal. These situations include fluctuating humidity, hot showers and cold air, which are more common during winter months.

Trying to “cover up” peeling skin might be the first reaction for those who wear makeup. However, makeup can actually aggravate peeling skin and often make it considerably worse. Understandably, it is difficult to be patient while waiting for your skin to improve.

There are a variety of ways to address peeling skin that include medications and home remedies. Medications typically address healing, whereas home remedies are more often preventative. Home remedies and medications can be used in tandem with one another for the greatest benefit. Below are tips to improve this condition.

Home Remedies

  • It is important to remember that covering up peeling skin with makeup will only exaggerate the problem. And, in most cases, it will not make the peeling any less noticeable.
  • Fragrance soaps and cleansers are known to dry out the skin. Opting for a fragrance-free or mild cleaner can be beneficial.
  • Products that contain alcohol should be avoided. Deodorant soaps and antibacterial soaps are just a few examples of products that should not be used on the face due to their drying effect.
  • Apply moisturizer after cleansing your face to replenish the skin’s moisture and provide favorable effects.
  • Rough towels can actually damage your skin. With that being said, use soft towels especially when drying your face.
  • You may have heard that hot showers are best because they open the pores. However, hot showers can also dry out your skin. Lukewarm to warm showers are best if you are prone to peeling.
  • Scrubbing or rubbing your face can create unnecessary irritation. To preserve the skin’s smooth texture, you should gently wash and then pat your face dry instead of wiping or rubbing.
  • Exfoliating your face can help eliminate peeling skin, but only if done the right way. Avoid alpha hydroxy acids, alcohol, or perfume in any products used. Use lukewarm water and a soft washcloth and gently rub to loosen any flaking skin. Never peel your skin, especially when it’s wet.
  • Topical anti-inflammatory agents like aloe vera can help your skin heal, especially after a sunburn.

Medical Treatments

An underlying health condition may be causing your skin to peel. Adjustments to current treatments or simply starting treatment for the underlying cause may be the first step. In addition, a dermatologist may administer a number of medications or treatments for peeling skin. These may include doxycycline, chemical peels, or prescription corticosteroid creams, to name a few.

Causes for Peeling Skin

The most common skin condition that causes skin to peel is simply dry skin. However, there are many other potential causes.

  • Sunburn: This is an inflammatory reaction to ultraviolet radiation damage to the skin’s outermost layers. It is the most obvious sign that you may have spent too much time in the sun and that damage to the skin has occurred. Sunburns typically appear red and inflamed. Most of the time, they are also painful. The skin’s common reaction to a sunburn is to peel or flake in order to expose new, fresh skin.
  • Medications: Certain medications can cause peeling skin including penicillin, various topical medications, seizure medications, and blood pressure medications.
  • Seborrheic dermatitis: This is a common skin condition that produces an itchy rash along with flaky scales. It is commonly known as dandruff or cradle cap. It most commonly appears on the scalp, but can also present on the face.
  • Eczema: This is a condition where the skin becomes inflamed, itchy, rough, and sometimes cracked or blistered. These red and brown scaly patches typically present themselves in areas behind the elbows, knees, and neck. However it is not uncommon for eczema to result in facial peeling.
  • Psoriasis: This skin disease can be quite painful for the individual. It appears in white, scaly patches that can become red and peel.
  • Hypothyroidism: This is a condition in which your thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. In the early stages of hypothyroidism, the person may not even notice the symptoms. Ultimately it can result in fatigue, weight gain, peeling skin, and thinning hair.
  • Rosacea: An increase in redness and/or visible blood vessels on your face, may indicate a condition known as Rosacea.
  • Allergic Reaction: Often people are not totally aware of their allergies, because the body can develop new sensitivities over time. It is also common to experience a reaction to a new product, like a moisturizer or foundation, resulting in irritated and/or peeling skin.
  • Niacin Deficiency and Vitamin A toxicity: These are both nutritional conditions that can lead to peeling skin on the face.
  • Peeling Skin Syndrome: This is a rare, inherited skin disorder where the normal skin peeling process is hastened. In this case, the skin becomes red and patchy before peeling.

Peeling skin can be part of the body’s natural process. However, peeling should only be a temporary symptom lasting 7 days or less. If peeling continues beyond this timeline, we recommend a visit to your dermatologist. Other concerning symptoms include fever and chills, nausea, dizziness, confusion, continuous bleeding or oozing yellow fluid. Any of these symptoms in conjunction with peeling skin could be an indication of a more serious condition and should be addressed by a professional.

It is important for people of all ages to perform regular self-checks as well as visit a professional dermatologist regularly. If you notice excessive peeling on the face or just want to come in for an annual checkup, schedule an appointment with Dr. Gurgen in the Villages or Leesburg, Florida.

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Treating Acne Under Special Circumstances Including Pregnancy

We’ve all had occasional pimples throughout our lives, but not everyone has experienced severe acne. Oftentimes, pimples and acne alike can cause annoyance and embarrassment. Although this skin condition is most prevalent among the younger, teen generation, it can affect people of all ages.

Symptoms of acne include the appearance of whiteheads, blackheads, papules, pimples, nodules, and cystic lesions. Common areas for acne development are on the face, chest, forehead, and upper back, and shoulders. This is because these areas have the most abundant amount of sebaceous or oil glands.

Acne forms when your hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin. Other causes include excess oil, bacteria, and inflammation. Certain triggers aggravate acne, causing your condition to worsen. These triggers include hormonal changes, certain medications, diets, and elevated stress.

Hormonal changes are particularly relevant among women, including flare-ups before menstruation. Puberty also plays an important role in the increase of androgen hormones, leading to breakouts. Drugs containing corticosteroids, testosterone, or lithium are known to provoke acne. Additionally, research has proven the role particular diets have on our skin. Foods high in carbohydrates and sugar can often worsen your condition.

As many people are aware, stress takes a toll on the human body in a variety of ways. The skin is a major component affected by high stress, especially if the acne was already present. There are a variety of methods for treating acne. It is usually helpful to begin with at-home remedies. If the condition does not seem to subside, visiting a dermatologist and gaining a professional perspective would be advised.

The treatments vary depending on the severity of your condition. Other critical determinants that would affect the appropriate treatment include the possibility of pregnancy or other dramatic hormone changes. Oftentimes, expecting mothers struggle more with acne due to hormonal changes within the body.

If the patient is pregnant there are other considerations. A dermatologist can provide pregnant women advice on whether or not they should even seek treatment and how to go about it. Below is a list of treatments that are generally considered safe to use even when pregnant.

  • Glycolic Acid: This method is used to help exfoliate the skin and unclog the pores from excess oil and dead skin. It is important to start slow because it may cause irritation.
  • Benzoyl Peroxide: Because this medication has not been fully studied on pregnant women, it is considered a Category C drug by the FDA. However, many physicians still recommend and prescribe this drug as it is considered safe to use. At the same time, it is meaningful to weigh the pros and cons to determine if it’s the right choice for you. Your dermatologist can help.
  • Erythromycin: This prescription medication is an antibiotic, often given alongside other forms of acne treatment. It is intended to reduce the presence of acne-causing bacteria with an anti-inflammatory motive.
  • Acne Treatment Facials: This option does not include the use of any medication. Instead, it applies the professional skills of an esthetician to perform a facial. During this time, your skin will be deeply cleansed and exfoliated. Informing your esthetician of your pregnancy is still essential.
  • Azelaic Acid: This medication was initially designed to treat a condition known as rosacea but has also shown to be valuable to patients suffering from acne. It is intended to help with hyperpigmentation. Azelaic Acid is a topical medication, meaning that it is applied directly to the skin’s surface.
  • Clindamycin: This antibiotic is also applied to the skin as a topical treatment. A benefit of utilizing his medication is its ability to be used in conjunction with other drugs. It is also a lower-cost alternative relative to other options.

There are certain medications that a pregnant woman should avoid. These include Accutane, topical retinoids, and tetracycline. Accutane, otherwise known as, isotretinoin has been shown to produce birth defects in babies whose mothers used it while expecting. Studies have also revealed the prevalence of miscarriages related to the drug. The application of topical retinoids should not only be avoided during pregnancy but also while breastfeeding. The effects of this drug on a developing fetus have not been studied comprehensively. Lastly, Tetracycline is known to interfere with the development of a fetus’s bones. It may also cause teeth discoloration in the fetus.

If you or someone you know is suffering from acne and there are extenuating circumstances like a pregnancy; treatment options are available! Consult a dermatologist for the best advice for the situation. Our dermatologists have successfully treated hundreds of patients for acne and other skin ailments. Contact us for an appointment.

 

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Mohs Surgery Preparation

The two most common types of skin cancer today are Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Basil Cell Carcinoma is the most common and frequently occurring type of cancer. It occurs as the result of uncontrolled growth of basal cells. Due to the fact that BCCs grow at a slow rate, they are often times curable and cause minimal damage to the body and skin. However, it is important to catch it early on and get treatment as soon as possible to obtain such a favorable outcome. Squamous Cell Carcinoma is also very common. It forms as a result of abnormal growth of squamous cells. Like basic cell carcinoma, it is often 100% curable if caught and treated early.

Is Mohs Surgery Right for Me?

Mohs surgery, also known as Mohs Micrographic Surgery, is considered the most effective technique for treating these two types of skin cancers. During the procedure, cancer-containing skin layers are progressively removed. This process is repeated until only cancer-free tissue remains. Dermatologists aim to minimize the damage to the healthy areas surrounding the cancer, while also removing as much of the cancerous tissue as possible.

The standard surgery for cancer removal is called local excision. This involves removing not only the cancerous material but a small portion of the surrounding healthy tissue as well. Mohs surgery is an improved technique, preserving as much healthy skin as feasible. Surgeons are also able to verify that no cancer cells are present during the time of surgery. As a result, patients are less likely to need additional treatments or surgery in the future.

Mohs surgery is particularly useful in certain circumstances. These situations include cancers that have a high risk of re-occurrence. Additionally, as stated previously, a major benefit of Mohs surgery is the preservation of skin tissue. This is crucial for areas of the body like the eyes, ears, nose, feet, genitals, mouth, and hands. Sometimes the border of cancerous tissue is hard to define. In this instance, Mohs surgery is also a good option. Individuals suffering from large and aggressive cancers would also be good candidates for this procedure due to the ability to verify the elimination of cancer cells during surgery.

How to Prepare for Mohs Surgery

Surgery can be nerve-wracking for most people. There are ways to prepare ahead of time to alleviate stress. Below is a list of steps that you can take to be better prepared for your Mohs Surgery.

  • Selecting a Mohs Surgeon – Most dermatologists learn about Mohs Surgery through medical training, and are therefore able to perform the procedure. However, some surgeons have completed special training specifically within the Mohs field in order to become more knowledgeable. It is important to ask your surgeon about their experience and qualifications regarding Mohs surgery.
  • Inform your surgeon about any medications you are taking – It is vital to inform your surgeon of any medications and supplements that you are currently taking. Certain medications and even supplements can act as blood thinners, increasing your chance of bleeding after surgery.
  • Clear your schedule – There is no way to know how long a Mohs Surgery will take. Generally, the procedure is completed in under 4 hours. However, there is still a chance your surgery could extend for the duration of an entire day. Most surgeons will advise their patients to clear their schedule for the whole day.
  • Wear comfortable clothing – It is also important to wear comfortable clothing to your surgery. It Is best to dress in layers. That way you can easily adjust to the temperature of the room.
  • Bring items to pass the time – Like any other medical procedure, one can expect to spend some time waiting. Books, magazines, and electronics are useful in passing time.

What to expect:

Unless the location of the cancer requires the removal of a gown, the patient will be able to stay gowned. In preparation for the surgery, a nurse will inject the affected area with anesthesia. This will numb the skin so that the patient will not feel the surgery taking place. A scalpel is then used to remove a layer of visible cancerous skin, along with a thin layer beneath it. The surgeon will then take the tissue to his laboratory for analysis. You can expect to wait around an hour for each such analysis. During this time, magazines or books will come in handy to pass the time. Using the bathroom and eating during the procedure is permitted, as long as the patient does not leave the office. If the surgeon identifies that cancer still remains, the process is repeated until the removed tissue sample is cancer-free.

If you are looking for one of the best dermatologists in the area, specializing in Mohs Surgery, then Lady Lake Dermatology & Mohs Surgery, your dermatologist in The Villages, is the place for you. Dr Gurgen is an award-winning Mohs Surgeon who provides optimal outcomes with as little scarring as possible!